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<div class="section" id="complex-references">
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<h1>Complex References<a class="headerlink" href="#complex-references" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<p>Sometimes you may want to access related documents using custom criteria or from
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the inverse side of a relationship.</p>
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<p>You can create an <a class="reference external" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immutable">immutable</a> reference to one or many documents and specify
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how that reference is to be loaded. The reference is immutable in that it is
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defined only in the mapping, unlike a typical reference where a <a class="reference external" href="http://php.net/manual/en/class.mongodbref.php">MongoDBRef</a> or
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identifier (see <a class="reference internal" href="reference-mapping.html#storing-references"><span class="std std-ref">Storing References</span></a>) is stored on the document itself.</p>
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<p>The following options may be used for <a class="reference internal" href="reference-mapping.html#reference-one"><span class="std std-ref">one</span></a> and
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<a class="reference internal" href="reference-mapping.html#reference-many"><span class="std std-ref">many</span></a> reference mappings:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<div><ul class="simple">
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<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">criteria</span></code> - Query criteria to apply to the cursor.</li>
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<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">repositoryMethod</span></code> - The repository method used to create the cursor.</li>
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<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sort</span></code> - Sort criteria for the cursor.</li>
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<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">skip</span></code> - Skip offset to apply to the cursor.</li>
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<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">limit</span></code> - Limit to apply to the cursor.</li>
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</ul>
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</div></blockquote>
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<div class="section" id="basic-example">
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<h2>Basic Example<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>In the following example, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$comments</span></code> will refer to all Comments for the
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BlogPost and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$last5Comments</span></code> will refer to only the last five Comments. The
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<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mappedBy</span></code> field is used to determine which Comment field should be used for
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querying by the BlogPost's ID.</p>
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<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="sd">/** @Document */</span>
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<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">BlogPost</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="c1">// ...</span>
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<span class="sd">/** @ReferenceMany(targetDocument="Comment", mappedBy="blogPost") */</span>
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<span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$comments</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="sd">/**</span>
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<span class="sd"> * @ReferenceMany(</span>
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<span class="sd"> * targetDocument="Comment",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * mappedBy="blogPost",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * sort={"date"="desc"},</span>
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<span class="sd"> * limit=5</span>
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<span class="sd"> * )</span>
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<span class="sd"> */</span>
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<span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$last5Comments</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="sd">/** @Document */</span>
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<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Comment</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="c1">// ...</span>
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<span class="sd">/** @ReferenceOne(targetDocument="BlogPost", inversedBy="comments") */</span>
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<span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$blogPost</span><span class="p">;</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>You can also use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mappedBy</span></code> for referencing a single document, as in the
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following example:</p>
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<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="sd">/**</span>
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<span class="sd"> * @ReferenceOne(</span>
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<span class="sd"> * targetDocument="Comment",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * mappedBy="blogPost",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * sort={"date"="desc"}</span>
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<span class="sd"> * )</span>
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<span class="sd"> */</span>
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<span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$lastComment</span><span class="p">;</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="criteria-example">
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<h2><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">criteria</span></code> Example<a class="headerlink" href="#criteria-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">criteria</span></code> to further match referenced documents. In the following
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example, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">$commentsByAdmin</span></code> will refer only comments created by
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administrators:</p>
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<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="sd">/**</span>
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<span class="sd"> * @ReferenceMany(</span>
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<span class="sd"> * targetDocument="Comment",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * mappedBy="blogPost",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * criteria={"isByAdmin" : true}</span>
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<span class="sd"> * )</span>
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<span class="sd"> */</span>
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<span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$commentsByAdmin</span><span class="p">;</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="repositorymethod-example">
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<h2><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">repositoryMethod</span></code> Example<a class="headerlink" href="#repositorymethod-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>Alternatively, you can use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">repositoryMethod</span></code> to specify a custom method to
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call on the Comment repository class to populate the reference.</p>
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<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="sd">/**</span>
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<span class="sd"> * @ReferenceMany(</span>
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<span class="sd"> * targetDocument="Comment",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * mappedBy="blogPost",</span>
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<span class="sd"> * repositoryMethod="findSomeComments"</span>
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<span class="sd"> * )</span>
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<span class="sd"> */</span>
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<span class="k">private</span> <span class="nv">$someComments</span><span class="p">;</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Comment</span></code> class will need to have a custom repository class configured:</p>
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<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="sd">/** @Document(repositoryClass="CommentRepository") */</span>
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<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Comment</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="c1">// ...</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>Lastly, the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CommentRepository</span></code> class will need a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">findSomeComments()</span></code>
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method which shall return <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Doctrine\MongoDB\CursorInterface</span></code>. When this method
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is called to populate the reference, Doctrine will provide the Blogpost instance
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(i.e. owning document) as the first argument:</p>
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<div class="highlight-php"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="cp"><?php</span>
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<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CommentRepository</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">\Doctrine\ODM\MongoDB\DocumentRepository</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="sd">/**</span>
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<span class="sd"> * @return \Doctrine\ODM\MongoDB\Cursor</span>
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<span class="sd"> */</span>
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<span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">findSomeComments</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">BlogPost</span> <span class="nv">$blogPost</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="p">{</span>
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<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">createQueryBuilder</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">field</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'blogPost'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">references</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$blogPost</span><span class="p">);</span>
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<span class="o">-></span><span class="na">getQuery</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="na">execute</span><span class="p">();</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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<span class="p">}</span>
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</pre></div>
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<h3><a href="../index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
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<ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Complex References</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#basic-example">Basic Example</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#criteria-example"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">criteria</span></code> Example</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#repositorymethod-example"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">repositoryMethod</span></code> Example</a></li>
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